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MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE STATE OF GUJARAT
Sector Urban Development
Sub-sector Urban Development
Profile no. UD-04
Project Municipal Solid Waste Management in Gujarat
 
Project Rationale
• The ULBs of the state of Gujarat fails to comply the Hon. Supreme Court’s Order that made mandatory the scientific treatment and disposal of solid waste as per MSW-Rules-2000 due to lack of finance and technical assistance.
• GOG has decided to implement the project centrally for all ULBs utilizing its own resource and by seeking the assistance from GOI.
• GUDC is appointed as a nodal agency vide the resolution dated 13/09/05 to implement the Municipal Solid Waste Management project for the ULBs of the state of Gujarat.
 
Sustainability

The project is structured centrally in a planned manner. GUDC estimated the cost of project as 384.16 crores and the provision of funds is only 215 crores from 11th finance commission grants and other related state funds. The viability gap is almost 169 crores.

Also the Municipalities are lacking in technical know how and financial capacity to run this kind of facilities, once created.

Various options have been considered for alternate funding as well as the technology including the sale of Carbon Credits.

The datas for waste characterization and waste quantities for each Ulbs have already been gathered through the state level consultants. Also the clusterization for simplify the facilities and avoid creation of junk assets is under assessment. It was felt that individual facilities can not be handled by municipalities and the capital cost would be much high.

Initially 51 clusters were identified throughout the state, but after a long assessment and study it was derived that the whole state can be managed in only 20 to 25 regional landfill sites, by using the large parcel of waste land available.

The same may also attract the private developers as the general market survey tells that the private developer require minimum of 100 TPD waste to run the facility on sustainable mode. As a result of this exercise initially if a ton of waste to be processed by a municipality than the estimated cost for processing a ton of waste is estimated around Rs.1200 and if we do the cluster approach than it would come down to around Rs. 450.

GUDC received proposals from private developers and best option to fill the viability gap as well as the sustainable solution is to take the project to the PPP mode probably on BOT (Build Own Transfer).

Meanwhile it is also experiencing for the other suitable technologies if it can be adopted for minimizing the waste to be landfilled.

GUDC is an infrastructure company and is to implement the projects but it can not run the O & M so for sustainability of this kind of projects is depends upon the effective operation and maintenance and for that GUDC has submitted a proposal to Government for establishing a company like GWMC (Gujarat Waste Management Company).

The share holding in this company may be as under

GUDC 26%
GMFB 11%
Paricipating ULbs 22%
Private developer 41%

This company will work in this format and will not only look after the O & M but also enhance the capacities of ulbs time to time and explore the various technologies. Out of above 26% share of GUDC it may assign 15% share to government entity over a period of time.

If this kind of arrangements can happen than the chances of sustainable project is very high though very few expertise is available in this field so its better to play this project on assured chances.

GUDC had approached the World Bank also to give consultation for potential purchase of Carbon Credit.130 ULBs of Gujarat State generate 1520 TPD of MSW, i.e. 547200 Mt of MSW is generated per annum. If we process all the MSW then 179613.08 MT compost will be produced. As per the World Bank Calculation & considering US$10.00 (ten United States dollars) per ton as the realizable value for a ton of Carbon Credit, GUDC can approximately earn carbon credits for 165000 MT & get revenue of US$1,650,000.00 (Rs. 7,42,50,000.00) per year till the period of agreement.
Main components of the projects :
1) Procurement of tools and equipments / vehicles for municipalities for primary as well as secondary collection of wastes
2) Construction of Compost Plant per municipality for composting the bio degradable wastes.
3) Construction of Regional Landfill sites among the group of municipalities for final disposal of non-biodegradable and non-recycled wastes.
4) Preparation of “Nagarpalika Action Plan” for 126 municipalities.
5) Conducting Training Program for safai kamdars of various municipalities. Operation and Maintenance
6) Asset Management
7) Community awareness and public participation (CAPP)
8) Privatization of such facilities / Private sector participation
FLOW CHART
Achievement So Far:
 For door to door collection of wastes, the equipments for primary collection (i.e. PE Buckets, Hand carts for 6 buckets, Tricycle for 8 buckets, 4.5 cum container- green and black) have been procured so far for 161 ULB and that for the secondary collection are under procurement.
 For processing the bio degradables, construction of vermi compost plant is in progress at ULBs all over the Gujarat and at some Municipality the operation has been started successfully.
 Waste characterization activities at each ULB of Gujarat have been completed with the help of the consultant.
 The Pilot model at Himmatnagar for construction of Regional Sanitary Landfill Facility amongst 9 ULBs have been identified and invitation for PPP model is under process.
 Different PPP models for operation and maintenance of the integrated system are being work out with the aspect to decrease the tipping fees to be levied to ULB.
 
Strategy for Management of Waste :

1) Compost Plant for treatment of Biodegradable waste:
Vermi Compost Plant :
• Vermi compost plants will be provided in total 120 ULBs having population less than 1.0 lakh.
• The work for construction and erection of vermi compost plants with infrastructure facilities have been awarded to the respective agencies with consultation of KCDC (Karnataka Compost Development Corporation) and the work have been started at almost all sites and to be completed by the end of this year.
• It is envisaged to transfer the waste of 31 new municipality to the nearby vermi compost plant constructed under the above project, rather than constructing new plant for them, to avoid formation of junk assets.
• For towns having population more than 1.0 lakh (10 ULBs), set up of small units with processing plant facilities are proposed.
Advantages of decentralized composting may be enumerated as:
• Decrease in solid waste management cost by reducing huge volume of the solid waste;
• Small scale community based compost plants can save 15 acres of landfill area per year;
• Improvement in overall environment of the neighborhood by checking illegal disposal of waste on roads, drains or vacant lots as solid waste is directly collected from households;
• Returns organic matter to the soil and minimizes the use of chemical fertilizers. The organic manure made from composting acts as a buffer protection against chemical fertilizer, improves soil texture, conserves top soil and natural resources by use of compost.
2) Landfill site :
• Total 51 sites covering 155 ULBs was identified all over the Gujarat, initially, for construction of Regional Landfill Sites.
• The total work has been divided into 2 region and the consultants have been appointed for design and third party supervision for both regions.
• Further reduction of number of regional sites by taking into consideration the transportation viability is under process with the help of consultant, for increasing the MSW quantity to attract the competent private sector participator.
• The Waste characterization activities have been completed by the consultant.
• Pilot project at Himmatnagar covering 9 ULBs have been identified. The DPRs have been submitted by the consultant and the procurement strategy is under approval.

3) Procurement of tools and equipments / vehicles for municipalities for primary as well as secondary collection of wastes

Total 161 no. of municipalities covered in the task. The Equipments/Vehicles shall be procured based on the information sent by the municipalities for their existing status.

For the quantity of the equipments required to be procured for ULBs, the information regarding existing equipments with ULBs were asked from them. For fulfilling the MSW Rules – 2000 and the guidelines given by Shri. P.U.Asnani (Solid Waste Management Expert), the total requirement of equipments for each of the 130 ULBs were derived based on the population and area of the ULB. For the same, Institute of Solid Waste Management (ISWM) were assigned to prepare the Nagarpalika Action Plans by visiting the each ULB. Also the ULBs were given 3 options for selection, for primary and secondary collection of solid wastes and based on all this, the actual required equipments for each ULB was derived to put into the tender.
Ongoing Chief Activities :
1. Clustering, Designing, preparation of DTPs & procurement procedure for the Construction of 7 Sanitary Landfill Sites for the ULBs of Himmatnagar Cluster,Khambhat, Dhandhuka, Viramgam, Patan, Palanpur & Godhra.
2. Execution & Completion of 07 Contracts for the Construction of Vermi Compost Plants, 75 ULBs
3. Procurement procedure for awarding 03 Contracts for Constn of Vermi Compost Plants, 20 ULBs.
4. Started Execution of 02 SLFs (Himmatnagar & Khambhat) & 03 New VC Plant Contracts.
5. Preparation of PPP proposal for Anand SLF

Achievements and Planning:
1. The works of 7 SLFs have been awarded, out of which constn of 02 SLFs is started.
2. The works of 03 Plant Contracts have been awarded, all works are started.
3. The works of 07 Plant Contracts have been physically & financially completed.
4. O & M of 07 Plant Contracts, 70/75 ULBs has been successfully put in to Operations by GUDC.
5. Overall Project shall be completed within December 2010.

Details of Works being implemented:
1. Construction of VCPs in the ULBs
2. Construction of SLFs for the ULBs
3. Supply of Equipments to the ULBs
4. IEC Activities